On September 2 in 1952, the world's first open-heart operation is performed in Minneapolis by the team of Drs. Floyd John Lewis, C. Walton Lillehei, and Richard Varco. They open a one-inch hole in the chest of a five-year-old girl. To slow the heart, the patient is cooled in an ice-water bath, also a medical first.
—from The Illustrated Almanac of Science, Technology, and Invention