An old saying goes, “The only constant is change.” No truer words have ever been spoken, especially in a time of reform. As a matter of fact, reform is change. This chapter examines change from two perspectives. The first perspective examines the research on learning because learning involves change. The second perspective examines the change process, highlighting the research and illuminating key ideas surrounding change. At the end of the chapter, the change process is applied to the secondary science classroom context, illustrating the change process, identifying ways to overcome potential barriers, and outlining steps to enact change that will ultimately result in the reform of secondary science education.