The impetus for this book and for much of the nation’s conversation during recent years about the impending “shortfall” of science teachers was the publication in 2007 of a National Academy of Sciences study, provocatively titled Rising Above the Gathering Storm. Basing the analysis on the numbers of existing and available science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) teachers, the authors called for an increase of 10,000 new science and math teachers per year for the next decade. This chapter focuses on how this study was taken seriously and led many of the nation's schools of education and supportive foundations to set about trying to figure out how to recruit, train, induct, and deliver the numbers.