This book provides materials to support practices of learning to attend to student thinking, in classroom discussions and in student work. It serves to highlight some of the things to recognize in students’ thinking, both in terms of progress toward understanding core conceptual ideas and engaging in practices of inquiry. This final chapter starts with a quick reminder of some of the things noticed in student thinking in the cases presented. Having established the focus on student thinking, it’s time now to think about how to move forward to a focus on teachers' responsive practices. Finally, the chapter discusses how to think about organizing groups to collect videos from their classrooms and to study them for evidence of students' science thinking. Strategies for supervising new teachers to maintain a focus on the substance of students' thinking is also discussed.