The guiding question of this investigation is, Why can we see the roots of trees that grow near rivers or streams? Roots of trees are usually underground. In this lesson, the goal is to figure out why trees that grow near rivers or streams often have exposed roots. You will need to create a physical model of a river with trees along it for this investigation to determine how the movement of water in a river or stream (a cause) affects the soil around a tree (an effect). Students will also learn about the difference between data and evidence during the reflective discussion. The Teacher Notes provide connections to the standards, a timeline, safety notes, information on materials and preparation, and step-by-step instructions for facilitating the lesson and assessing student outcomes. After the Teacher Notes, you will find classroom-ready reproducible pages in the form of an Investigation Handout and Checkout Questions. Before you begin the lesson, we recommend reading Chapters 1 and 2, which are in this book selection. Chapter 1 provides an overview of Argument-Driven Inquiry (ADI) with an explanation of what happens during each of the eight stages of ADI, which are the same for every ADI investigation. Chapter 2 focuses on the investigations and how to use them, not to replace an existing science curriculum, but rather to function as a tool that teachers can use to integrate three-dimensional instruction into their existing curriculum. Also included in the book selection are the Table of Contents, Preface, Acknowledgments, About the Authors, Introduction, and Index.