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  • Forest History, Ecology, and Values

    Book Chapter |

    Forests have been crucial to human welfare since the dawn of civilization. The history of both the Old World and the New World contains many examples of civilizations that failed because they could not sustain their…

  • Principles of Forestry

    Book Chapter |

    The core value of forestry is the long-term sustainability of forests. Sustainability can be accomplished only if we understand ecological processes and respect them; then we can creatively protect and shape forests to…

  • Setting the Stage

    Book Chapter |

    Unquestionably, conducting successful field studies with high school or beginning college students is complicated, energy consuming, and challenging. Nonetheless, putting students in the field to collect real data,…

  • Vegetation Analysis

    Book Chapter |

    Mapping the structure of the vegetation in study plots is important for several reasons. First, with all the detailed data collected, students easily can lose perspective of the bigger picture; they can get lost in the…

  • The Abiotic and Biotic Forest Environment

    Book Chapter |

    The exercises in this chapter have a twofold purpose. First, they will characterize the abiotic environment (i.e., the microclimate created by the forest). It is important to realize that forests not only grow in…

  • Measuring Commercial Timber Values

    Book Chapter |

    This chapter outlines certain procedures used by foresters to measure the amount or volume of timber (primarily sawlogs) in a forest stand. This process is called timber inventory. Just as a storeowner keeps track of…

  • Recreation and Wildlife

    Book Chapter |

    In fiscal year 2007, there were more than 178.6 million visits to national forests across the United States; 86% of them were for recreational purposes! Forests of all kinds provide humans with a wide range of wildland…

  • After the Field Study

    Book Chapter |

    Students are out of the field and back into the classroom. In this chapter, students are provided with a Forestry Data Summary Sheet to help them focus on all the computations, sketches, charts, and data they need to…

  • Is It Possible to Turn Coal Into Diamonds?

    Book Chapter |

    How cool would it be to be Lois Lane? Anytime she wants a diamond, she just has Superman use his super strength to squeeze a lump of coal. But is this really possible? Using a high enough temperature and enough pressure…

  • Analogies: Powerful Teaching-Learning Tools

    Book Chapter |

    In this activity, teachers explore how teaching shares some attributes with a variety of other occupations, students consider their respective roles as learners, and both consider the reciprocal, interactive nature of…

  • Talking Tapes: Beyond Hearing to Understanding

    Book Chapter |

    The need to combine fun, hands-on “play” with the mentally engaging, minds-on “work” of learning should be emphasized in professional development settings and in science methods courses. Teachers should emphasize…

  • Super-Absorbent Polymers: Minds-On Learning and Brain "Growth"

    Book Chapter |

    Super-absorbent polymers (SAPs) absorb and retain water up to several hundred times their mass and increase in volume up to 600%. Unlike this prop, students’ brains do not grow/learn by passive absorption of received…

  • Mental Puzzles, Memory, and Mnemonics: Seeking Patterns

    Book Chapter |

    Various mental puzzles and memory tasks can seem difficult until a heuristic or generalizable problem-solving technique is discovered or invented. A mnemonic (memory device) can help learners remember information. A…

  • Sound Tube Toys: The Importance of Varying Stimuli

    Book Chapter |

    Sound is a form of energy created and transmitted as a vibration or mechanical wave that can vary in pitch (frequency) and volume (amplitude). Simple toys can be used to engage interest and to develop and assess the…

  • Convection: Conceptual Change Teaching

    Book Chapter |

    Two bottles of different-colored water are placed vertically, one on top of the other with open ends together. They remain stable if the bottle with the hotter (red-colored) water is placed on top of the bottle with the…

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