Bear bile is a prized ingredient used for thousands of years in traditional Chinese medicine for its anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving effects, but the means by which bile is collected from live, captive bears has recently become a topic of controversy. This case study challenges students to examine how vulnerable species such as Asiatic black bears are used to supply bear bile farms and to unpack the ethical dilemma involved with their treatment in captivity. The overall goal of this case is to provide students with an in-depth understanding of the commercial bear bile farming industry and the far-reaching impacts it has around the globe economically, culturally, socially, and environmentally. To conclude the case, students outline a comprehensive plan that would regulate and potentially eliminate bear bile farming and consumption in China while taking into consideration the stakeholders involved. The case is designed for high school and undergraduate students in ecology, conservation biology, environmental science, wildlife biology, or other related fields.