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Dana Zzyym and Intersex

By Caroline E. Branan

Dana Zzyym and Intersex


 

Abstract

In this case study, students learn about intersex through the lens of Dana Zzyym, an intersex activist known for advocating for intersex visibility and for campaigning to include “X” as a valid sex designation on passports and other legal documentation. Students engage with Dana’s story while learning key concepts related to sex designation and gamete production. They then investigate the physiological diversity of intersex variations by researching different conditions and their characteristics, applying this knowledge to what they know about Dana’s story. Students further extend these concepts to examine the presence of intersex individuals in society and how intersex is addressed in legal and medical contexts. By the end of the case study, students are expected to understand the biological basis of intersex, how it presents in humans and other organisms, and the range of societal interpretations surrounding it.  Originally developed for an undergraduate endocrinology course, this case study could easily be adapted for a general human physiology, biology, or science and policy course.

   

Date Posted

04/15/2026

Overview

Objectives

  • Apply biological characteristics of sex differentiation to intersex.
  • Compare examples of hermaphroditism in other organisms to how it exists in humans.
  • Use limited information about Dana’s life and characteristics of genetic disorders to come to a hypothetical conclusion of potential genetic sources of intersex.
  • Think about the implications of intersex being more visible in society and whether the United States is moving towards a more progressive viewpoint regarding this issue.
  • Discuss controversial topics from a societal and scientific perspective.
  • Work collaboratively with peers throughout the case study.

Keywords

Dana Zzyym; intersex; gender; sex differentiation; genetics; mutation; meiosis; hermaphroditism; gonads; passport;

  

Subject Headings

Anatomy
Biology (General)
Genetics / Heredity
Physiology

EDUCATIONAL LEVEL

High school, Undergraduate lower division, Undergraduate upper division

  

FORMAT

PDF

   

TOPICAL AREAS

Regulatory issues, Science and the media, Social issues

   

LANGUAGE

English

   

TYPE/METHODS

Analysis/Issues, Directed

 

 

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