This directed, interrupted case study is designed to introduce students to high-throughput sequencing technologies and cutting-edge methods of gene editing. The case offers students relevant, hands-on experience in manipulating large sequencing data sets for subsequent data analysis and interpretation as they pertain to a real-life medical condition. Students also gain an understanding of the pathophysiology for neurological conditions, namely, ALS, multiple sclerosis (MS), and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). The case uses peer teaching activities in which students teach each other about next-generation sequencing (NGS) and CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing.  Additionally, group discussion is used to interpret clinical data and diagnose a patient’s condition. This case study is appropriate for students who have completed one to two years of introductory neuroscience, biology, or genetics courses. The case is closely related to “Seq’ing the Cure: Standard Edition.” Both cases share the same story and base set of questions, but the neuroscience edition has additional questions and material for a neuroscience focus and a research journal club discussion about the article on which the case is based (Kramer, N.J., et al., 2018, Nature Genetics, DOI: 10.1038/s41588-018-0070-7) (access to the article is not included and must be acquired separately).