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Using Questioning to Assess and Foster Student Thinking
Book Chapter |
Questioning can be used to probe for understanding, to initiate inquiry, and to promote development of understanding. The results from questioning, listening, and assessment also can be used by teachers to promote their…
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Involving Students in Assessment
Book Chapter |
While much of the responsibility for classroom assessment lies with teachers, students also play an important role in meaningful assessment activity. Bringing students into the assessment process is a critical dimension…
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Reporting Progress to Parents and Others: Beyond Grades
Book Chapter |
As science education moves increasingly in the direction of teaching to standards, teachers call for classroom assessment techniques that provide a richer source of “rigorous and wise diagnostic information.” Student-to…
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Working with Teachers in Assessment-Related Professional Development
Book Chapter |
Professional development related to everyday classroom interactions can require a shift in the teacher’s priorities in the classroom from a focus on managing activity and behavior to a mind-set of managing learning…
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Reconsidering Large-Scale Assessment to Heighten Its Relevance to Learning
Book Chapter |
In contrast to classroom assessments that can provide immediate feedback in the context of ongoing instruction, large-scale assessments are necessarily broader survey instruments, administered once-per-year and…
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Book Chapter |
Although this terrific interdisciplinary, cooperative-learning science experience began primarily as a language arts assignment to compare the leadership skills of two fascinating men, it grew to encompass an…
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Book Chapter |
At the beginning of the 21st century, education seems dominated by talk about educational outcomes and their assessment. This chapter serves to demystify these topics. This free selection includes the Preface, Table of…
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Book Chapter |
This chapter highlights documents such as the National Science Education Standards that were designed to be achievable by all students, no matter their background or characteristics. Project 2061: Science for all…
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Book Chapter |
The scientific method not only describes inaccurately how science works, but also distorts the meaning of words such as "theory" and "law." A theory, in science, is a widely applicable explanation. A law is a…
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General Instructional Approaches
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Advocates of STS—science-technology-society—approaches believe that the science curriculum should pay special attention to science-based social issues. They envision K-12 science classes being best when focusing on the…
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Book Chapter |
This chapter presents several models of instruction from cooperative learning to inquiry-based instruction. It concludes with the 5E Model of instruction, pioneered by the Biological Sciences Curriculum Study (BSCS 1993.
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Book Chapter |
Pedagogy means teaching and teaching is what teachers do. It's a fancy word with a simple meaning. In reality, the distinction between pedagogy and curriculum can be a bit difficult because what is taught and how it is…
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Book Chapter |
Assessment, broadly defined, means information gathering. Grading (or evaluating) students is certainly one type of assessment. Tests, portfolios, and lab practicals are all assessment devices. However, teachers assess…
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Book Chapter |
The Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development (2002) defines “diversity” in this way: “In education, discussions about diversity involve recognizing a variety of student needs including those of ethnicity,…
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Book Chapter |
As is the case with the other chapters in this book, each entry in this chapter should stand on its own. However, more than in other chapters, the ideas presented in this chapter tend to build on each other. Ideas that…