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  • Convection: Conceptual Change Teaching

    Book Chapter |

    Two bottles of different-colored water are placed vertically, one on top of the other with open ends together. They remain stable if the bottle with the hotter (red-colored) water is placed on top of the bottle with the…

  • Convection: Transfer of Heat From Earth’s Interior

    Book Chapter |

    In this activity, students conduct experimental trials involving a drop of food coloring moved by convection in a pan of water to observe convection cells. Students record their observations on this model and relate…

  • Modeling Convection

    Journal Article |

    Typically, teachers use simple models that employ differences in temperature and density to help students visualize convection. However, most of these models are incomplete or merely hint at (instead of model)…

  • Convection Connections

    Journal Article |

    Children are fascinated with large bodies of water, such as lakes and oceans. They feel the wind on their faces and observe lake and ocean water as it moves in waves. But do they know what makes the air and water move?…

  • Idea Bank: Convection in a Fish Tank

    Journal Article |

    Understanding convection is fundamental for students to fully grasp the science behind large-scale events on Earth, such as global wind patterns, plate tectonic movement, ocean current patterns, and hydrothermal vent…

  • Science 101: What causes convection?

    Journal Article |

    Convection is when different parts of a fluid move in a more-or-less circular path, with parts of the fluid at the bottom moving to the top and vice versa. Here fluids refer to both liquids and gases. Convection happens…

  • Convection

    Collection |

    Heat tranfer and how it affects water currents.

  • Directed inquiry and three-dimensional learning

    Journal Article |

  • Using Key Features to Analyze and Modify Curriculum for the NGSS

    Journal Article |

  • Q: How Does the Sun’s Heat Get To Us Here on Earth?

    Journal Article |

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