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  • Ecosystem Cycles

    Book Chapter |

    The purpose of this assessment probe is to elicit students’ ideas about the transfer of matter and energy in ecosystems. The probe is designed to reveal whether students recognize that only matter is cycled through an…

  • Changing Environment

    Book Chapter |

    The purpose of this assessment probe is to elicit students’ ideas about adaptation. The probe is designed to reveal whether students hold Lamarckian ideas about individual organisms adapting to changes in the…

  • Eggs

    Book Chapter |

    The purpose of this assessment probe is to elicit students’ ideas about sexual reproduction. The probe is designed to reveal whether students recognize that multicellular organisms develop from a fertilized egg.

  • Chrysalis

    Book Chapter |

    The purpose of this assessment probe is to elicit students’ ideas about life cycles. The probe is designed to see if students recognize that the pupal stage of a life cycle is a living organism.

  • DNA, Genes, and Chromosomes

    Book Chapter |

    The purpose of this assessment probe is to elicit students’ ideas about structures they encounter when they learn about heredity. The probe is designed to reveal students’ ideas about the “parts and wholes” relationship…

  • Eye Color

    Book Chapter |

    The purpose of this assessment probe is to elicit ideas about genetic traits. The probe is designed to see if students recognize that some traits, such as eye color, are complex and cannot be predicted solely by the…

  • Human Body

    Book Chapter |

    The purpose of this assessment probe is to elicit students’ ideas about the cellular makeup of the human body. The probe is designed to see if students recognize that the body is an organized collection of cells and not…

  • Chlorophyll

    Book Chapter |

    The purpose of this assessment probe is to elicit students’ ideas about a scientific word they frequently encounter in middle and high school science, chlorophyll. The probe is designed to reveal whether students know…

  • How Far Away Is the Sun?

    Book Chapter |

    The purpose of this assessment probe is to elicit students’ ideas about relative distance. The probe is designed to find out if students can apply the same scale used to represent the difference in sizes between the…

  • Comparing Eclipses

    Book Chapter |

    The purpose of this assessment probe is to elicit students’ ideas about eclipse phenomena. The probe is designed to determine if students have a mental model of the Earth-Sun-Moon system that allows them to figure out…

  • How Long Is a Day on the Moon?

    Book Chapter |

    The purpose of this assessment probe is to elicit students’ ideas about the day-night cycle on the Moon. The probe is designed to find out if students can coordinate two concepts: the Moon turns once on its axis each…

  • Falling Through the Earth

    Book Chapter |

    The purpose of this assessment probe is to elicit students’ ideas about Earth’s gravity. The probe is designed to find out how students think gravity acts inside the Earth.

  • Cookie Crumbles

    Book Chapter |

    The purpose of this assessment probe is to elicit students’ ideas about conservation of matter. The probe is designed to reveal whether students think weight is conserved when a whole object is broken up into small…

  • STEM, Standards, and Strategies for High-Quality Units (Book Sample)

    Book Chapter |

    Download and read a sample chapter from this book to learn more. Do you, your school, or your school district want to align your science curriculum with state standards while meeting the growing demand for STEM…

  • Integrating STEM Teaching and Learning Into the K–2 Classroom (Book Sample)

    Book Chapter |

    “Integrating STEM Teaching and Learning Into the K–2 Classroom is a critically important contribution toward advancing STEM teaching and learning. It blazes a trail for early elementary classroom practitioners to…

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