Science and Children is an award-winning, peer-reviewed, practitioners' journal for grade PreK–5 teachers, university faculty responsible for teacher preparation, and state and district science supervisors and leaders. Science and Children is published six times a year and is available in print and as an e-journal. Science and Children subscribers are members of the National Science Teaching Association who select it as their preferred journal. We hope you will consider writing a manuscript for Science and Children to interest our readers and enhance preschool and elementary science teaching. NSTA offers no remuneration for published articles.

We seek manuscripts that detail innovative, classroom-tested preschool and elementary school science activities and strategies that demonstrate current research regarding the teaching and learning of science as in the Framework for K–12 Science Education.

Editor Elizabeth Barrett-Zahn

Managing Editor Valynda Mayes

Chief of Publications and Digital Products Cathy Iammartino

Executive Director Erika Shugart

Advertising Director Bob Jonas

NSTA OFFICERS AND BOARD OF DIRECTORS

President: Elizabeth Mulkerrin, Omaha's Henry Doorly Zoo and Aquarium, Glenwood, IA

Retiring President: Eric J. Pyle, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA

President Elect: Julie A. Luft, University of Georgia, Athens, GA

ADVISORY BOARD

Connie Crittenden (Chairperson), retired classroom teacher, East Lansing, MI

Juliette Guarino Berg, Blue School, New York City

Michelle Daml, Fairbanks North Star Borough School District, Fairbanks, AK

Einar Jensen, South Metro Fire Rescue, Centennial, CO;

Sara Nelson, Iowa State, Ames IA

Betsy O’Day, Hallsville Intermediate School, Hallsville, MO

Mallika Raman, The John Thomas Dye School, Los Angeles,
CA

Walter Smith, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX

Matthew Vick, University of Wisconsin-Whitewater, Whitewater, WI.

Jennifer C. Williams, Isidore Newman School, Belle Chasse, LA

REVIEW PANEL

Ginger Akason, Brookview Elementary School, West Des Moines, IA

Roberta Batorsky, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA

Jodi Beasley, Leander, TX

Anna Maria Behuniak, Southern Nevada Regional Professional Development Program, Las Vegas, NV

Patty Betteley, Perry Middle School, Perry, OH

Joshua Boling, Utah State University, Logan, UT

Judy Boyle, Divide School District #4, Whitehall, MT

Carol Ann Brennan, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI

Bill Burton, The Lamplighter School, Dallas, TX

Crystal Brown, Hunter Elementary, Brownstown Charter Township, MI

Patrick Brown, Fort Zumwalt School District, O’Fallon, MO

Winston Campbell, Bristow, Virginia.

Martha Canipe, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff AZ

Carol Cassells, Cedar Rapids Community School District, Cedar Rapids, IA

Kristy Collins, Virginia Polytechnic Institute, Blacksburg, VA

Marilyn Cook, H.G. Olsen Elementary School, Port Aransas, TX

Susan J. Cooper, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, F

Elizabeth Crowder, Oakland University, Rochester, MI

Diego Cruz, THINKey, Santiago, Chile

Charlene Dindo, Fairhope K–1 Center, Fairhope, AL

Danae Doubledee, Hagerstown, MD

Elizabeth Edmondson, Richmond, VA

Bonnie C. Embry, Rosa Parks Elementary School, Lexington, KY

Fred Ende, Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES, Yorktown Heights, NY

Debra Ericksen, retired, Bridgewater, NJ

Fred Estes, The Nueva School, San Francisco, CA

Jennifer Fine, Wake County Public School System, Cary, NC

Jenny Sue Flannagan, Regent University, Virginia Beach, VA

Kevin Fleming, Area Cooperative Educational Services, Hamden, CT

Jessica Ann Fries-Gaither, Hilliard, OH

Joni Gehebe, PS 201 Kissena School, Flushing, NY

Stacy George, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI

Tammy Gilmer, retired fifth-grade teacher, Orofino, ID

Nicole Glen, Bridgewater State University, Bridgewater, MA

Rhoda Goldberg, Cypress-Fairbanks ISD, Houston, TX

Carla Gull, University of Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ

Mindy Gumpert, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA

Amanda Gunning, Mercy College, Dobbs Ferry, NY

Alexandria Hansen, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA

Walter Harris, Wake County Public School System, Cary, NC

Arlene I. Hayman, Morrow Elementary School, Henderson, NV

Christine Hebert, Fairlawn Elementary School, Norfolk, VA

Terri Hebert, Indiana University, South Bend, South Bend, IN

Jake Henin, The Dalton School, New York, NY

Rich Hogen, Chandler, AZ

Missy Holzer, Chatham High School, Somerset, NJ

Chris Hwande, School District of Clayton, Clayton, MO

Jennifer Jay, St. Cloud State University, St. Cloud, MN

Laura Jones, Franklin, PA

Sami Kahn, Ohio University, Athens, OH

Dieuwertje Kast, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA

Rhonda Kerr, Knoxville Adaptive Education Center, Knoxville, TN

Denise Koontz, Keller, TX

Tasha Kirby, Anacortes Middle School, Anacortes, WA

Sharon Kochanowski, Polk State College, Lakeland, FL

Rachel Knight, Orlando Science Schools, Orlando, FL

Rebecca Krall, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY

Carrie Launius, Lindbergh School District, St. Louis, MO

Wendi Laurence, Create-osity, Park City, UT

Shernita Lee, Virginia Polytechnic Institute, Blacksburg, VA

William Lindquist, Hamline University, St. Paul, MN

Diana Lockwood, Paideia School, Atlanta, GA

Shannon Lorenzo-Rivero, Our Lady of Perpetual Hope, Scottsdale, AZ

Kimberly Lott, Utah State University, Logan, UT

John E. Lutz, Cortland City School District, Cortland, NY

Paula Magee, Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis, IN

Laura Maricle, Bens Branch Elementary School, Porter, TX

Matthew Maurer, Robert Morris University, Moon Township, PA

Megan McCall, Bayside Academy, Daphne, AL

James McDonald, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI

Patricia McGaffigan, Avon Middle-High School, Avon, MA

Patricia Bishop McKean, Ossining, NY

Andra Meyerson, STEM Innovations, LLC, Carmel, NY

Krishna Millsapp, Homewood, IL

Kori Milroy, Skinner West School, Chicago,

Christine Moskalik, Illinois Mathematics and Science Academy, Aurora, IL

LaMoine Motz, Oakland County Schools, White Lake, MI

Maureen Murphy-Foelkl, Straub Environmental Center, Salem, OR

Sylvia Murray, Destin, FL

Karen Nesbit, Franklin Public Schools, Franklin, WI

Jessica Nickelsen, Cradle of Forestry Interpretive Association/USDA Forest Service, Athens, GA

Debra Novak, Manzano Day School, Albuquerque, NM

Cecilia A. Owens, Fay School, Southborough, MA

 Katherine Owens, Bethesda, MD

Tiffany Pace, South Charleston, WV

Karen Parrino, North Live Oak Elementary, Denham Springs, LA

Beth Pesnell, National Institute for STEM Education, Houston, TX

Julie Petcu, Nashville, TN

Holly Priestley, Levittown, PA

Christine Purkiss, Angelo State University, San Angelo, TX

Sara Raven, Texas A&M University College, College Station, TX

Amy Reese, Howard County Public Schools, Ellicott City, MD

Kathy Renfrew, Vermont Department of Education, Montpelier, VT

Laura Robertson, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN

Kirk Robbins, Western Washington University, Bonney Lake, WA

Julie Robinson, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA

Nancy Rosenbaum, Florida State University Schools, Tallahassee, FL

Rob Rouse, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX

Stacey Rudolph, Full STEAM Ahead, LLC, Alexandria, VA

Linda Schaffer, Curtis School, Los Angeles, CA

Catherine Marie Scott, Coastal Carolina University, Conway, SC

Michelle Scribner-MacLean, UMass Lowell, Lowell, MA

Mina Sedaghatjou, Alfred University, Alfred, NY

Jay Garvey Shah,  ICS Addis Ababa, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Faith Shiver, W. Fred Scott Sr. Elementary, Thomasville, GA

Melissa Sleeper, Indian River County Schools, Vero Beach, FL

Laura Smith, retired 4th-8th grade science teacher, Little River, SC

Sandy Spaulding, White Rock Elementary, Rancho Cordova, CA

Tracy Staley, Pinellas County Schools, Largo, Florida

Maia Starcevic, Columbus Elementary School, New Rochelle, NY

Elma Strong, Alice Drive Middle School, Sumter, SC

Sheila Sullivan, Paisley, OR

Kimberly Kode Sutton, University of North Carolina, Wilmington, Jacksonville, NC

Jennifer Thompson, Harborview Elementary School, Juneau, AK

Emily Tozzi, Concord, CA

Anny Vanegas, Columbus Elementary School, New Rochelle, NY

Stephanie Wendt, Tennessee Technological University, Cookeville, TN

Vicki Willet, Licking Heights West Elementary, Blacklick, OH

Terry Wilson, CREC, Hartford, CT

Skyler Wiseman, Washington University Institute for School Partnership, St. Louis, MO

Heather Wollrich, Bear Valley Elementary, Anchorage, AK

Karen Woodruff, Endeavor STEM Teaching Certificate Project, Rye Brooke, NY

Stephen E. Wulfson, The Lower Hudson Valley Challenger Center, Monsey, NY.