Teaching science can be a challenging endeavor, especially for elementary school teachers. In this chapter, we first define science and identify important characteristics that elementary students should learn about science. Second, we outline concepts that elementary students should learn about evolution. Third, we describe how the identified characteristics about science connect to what elementary students should learn about evolution. Finally, we conclude with implications for elementary science instruction as they relate to our ongoing conversation about science and religion. As with most things in education, it all starts in the elementary grades. Teacher background information, references, and resources are provided. This book selection also includes the Table of Contents, Preface, About the Authors and Contributors, and Index.