This chapter presents a brief history of teacher shortages, particularly in the fields of science and mathematics. It describes numerous efforts by North Carolina, not only in recruiting individuals into the teaching profession but also in retaining and renewing teachers already in the profession. Through creative professional development, teachers must become passionate about and committed to teaching and learning. Teachers must have the flexibility to transform their classrooms into "inviting learning environments," with administrative and system support—and resources to implement new and innovative ideas.