This chapter presents a case study on The Accidental Discovery of DNA Fingerprinting using the discovery engineering process. In this lesson, students read about the accidental discovery of DNA fingerprinting and explore how the process has been used to solve crimes, establish parentage, and more. Students will use sample DNA data to create a DNA profile of a cow and compare this profile to those of other cows to determine relatedness. They also act as forensic investigators, using mock DNA evidence to solve a theft. Finally, students use the information they learned to develop a novel use for the DNA fingerprinting process. This lesson may be taught during a unit on genetics or forensic science. A list of materials, teacher background information, teacher notes, references, resources, assessments, and standards are provided. This book selection also includes the Table of Contents, About the Authors, Acknowledgments, Introduction, and Index.